Bars, Not Promises (Continued)

Audio reading

Audio reading by Polly on Amazon Web Services

Markets · Macroeconomics · Trade · Political Power · economy

3. Reuters , “EU eyes Russian assets,” Oct 23 2025. Coverage of the $300 billion in frozen Russian sovereign assets worldwide.

4. Polina Devitt and Kevin Yao, “How much gold will be enough to diversify China’s reserves?” Reuters , Sep 2 2025. Policy adviser’s comment on China’s target for reserve diversification.

5. Kitco News , “China’s central bank buys gold for 11th straight month,” Oct 7 2025. Data on PBoC gold accumulation through September.

6. Ibid. Analyst commentary on the strategic nature of China’s consistent purchases.

7. London Bullion Market Association , “Clarification on gold’s regulatory treatment under Basel III,” May 14 2025. Public correction refuting HQLA status claims.

8. European Banking Authority , “Final Report on NSFR,” June 2025. Confirmation of the 85 percent RSF applied to gold under Basel III.

9. China Daily HK , “HK boasts advantages in bid to become global gold trading hub,” Sep 18 2025. Cheung Tak‑hay’s remarks on formalising gold settlement in Asia.

10. National Bank of Poland , “NBP’s Gold Reserves Surpass ECB,” July 2025. Governor Glapiński’s statement on gold and economic sovereignty.

11. Financial Times , “Euroclear CEO warns of expropriation risk,” Aug 2025. Valérie Urbain’s comments on EU plans for frozen Russian assets.

12. Indian Express , “Gold in 1991: The Airlift That Rewrote India’s Economy,” July 2019 (reprint). Rangarajan’s retrospective on India’s gold pledge and reforms.

13. Reuters , “Ghana opens LBMA‑aspiring refinery,” Dec 2024. Vice President Bawumia’s speech at the Royal Ghana Gold Refinery launch.

14. FinancialContent , “China’s Golden Streak: PBoC’s Eleventh Month of Gold Buys,” Oct 7 2025. Report on valuation of China’s gold reserves.

← BackBars, Not Promises · Page 3Next →