Bibliography
1. International Labour Organization, Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure , 2025. Estimates ~25% of global employment exposed, with highest concentration in clerical and administrative roles.
2. Stanford University, working paper on AI exposure and job postings (2024–2025). Documents decline in junior-level listings in exposed occupations.
3. McKinsey Global Institute, Generative AI and the Future of Work in America . Estimates ~30% of U.S. work hours automatable and ~12 million occupational transitions by 2030.
4. OECD / ILO synthesis on task exposure by occupation, 2025. Estimates 40–60% task exposure in clerical/customer service roles vs <20% in physical work.
5. International Monetary Fund, AI and Jobs: Evidence from Occupational Exposure and Complementarity , 2026. Identifies divergence between AI-complementary and substitutable roles.
6. World Economic Forum, Future of Jobs Report 2025 . Projects large-scale job churn with net growth masking structural shifts